In August 2006, a non-profit small group tour organized and led by Adrian Hoskins embarked on an enthralling expedition to Rio Cristalino, reaffirming its status as one of the most prolific butterfly sites in the neotropics. Limited to just four participants, our group aimed to minimize trampling at mud holes and facilitate photography on narrow trails.
Our journey commenced with a long and wearying flight from London via Dallas and Sao Paulo to Cuiaba. Upon arrival, we sought respite at a city hotel for a well-deserved night’s rest before transferring to the domestic airport for our flight to Alta Floresta. After a hearty lunch, we embarked on a short boat journey from the jetty on the Rio Teles Peres to our lodge on the Rio Cristalino.
At Rio Cristalino, our experienced guide and boatman skillfully baited tree-trunks with banana and fish, drawing forth a multitude of butterflies. The trails teemed with Satyrines, Lycaenids, and Riodinids, with notable sightings including a stunning male Hamadryas velutina basking on a tree trunk. The peccary wallow emerged as a hotspot, attracting a plethora of Nymphalids, showcasing species like the striking Siderone galanthis and the brilliant Caria mantinea.
Radiating from the lodge, trails offered excellent sightings of Satyrines, including the exquisite dead-leaf mimics Taygetis angulosa and Taygetis mermeria. Brassolines, such as Caligo Owl butterflies and Catoblepia berecynthia, added to the diversity. Sarota species buzzed around banana trees, their intricate markings captivating our attention.
Explorations by longboat unveiled new butterfly species and breathtaking encounters with kingfishers. The highlight, however, was our encounter with a gigantic Anaconda, its presence evoking both awe and trepidation.
Species recorded at Rio Cristalino in August 2006 were meticulously identified by Adrian Hoskins and Tony Hoare, drawing from extensive resources and consultations with taxonomists specializing in the relevant families. This journey was a testament to the rich biodiversity and wonders of Rio Cristalino, leaving us with unforgettable memories and a deeper appreciation for the natural world.
|
xFamily |
subfamily |
Genus |
species |
|
Hesperiidae |
Hesperiinae |
Aides |
duma |
|
Hesperiidae |
Hesperiinae |
Callimormus |
radiola |
|
Hesperiidae |
Hesperiinae |
Decinea |
percosius |
|
Hesperiidae |
Hesperiinae |
Dubiella |
dubius |
|
Hesperiidae |
Hesperiinae |
Panoquina |
evadnes |
|
Hesperiidae |
Hesperiinae |
Panoquina |
fusina |
|
Hesperiidae |
Hesperiinae |
Parphorus |
decora |
|
Hesperiidae |
Hesperiinae |
Parphorus |
storax |
|
Hesperiidae |
Hesperiinae |
Pellicia |
vecina |
|
Hesperiidae |
Hesperiinae |
Phanes |
aletes |
|
Hesperiidae |
Hesperiinae |
Polites |
vibex |
|
Hesperiidae |
Hesperiinae |
Pyrrhopygopsis |
romula |
|
Hesperiidae |
Hesperiinae |
Saliana |
nr. longirostris |
|
Hesperiidae |
Hesperiinae |
Tirynthia |
conflua |
|
Hesperiidae |
Hesperiinae |
Vehilius |
stictomenes |
|
Hesperiidae |
Hesperiinae |
Zenis |
jebus |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Achlyodes |
busirus |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Achlyodes |
mithridates |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Antigonus |
liborius |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Astraptes |
anaphus |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Astraptes |
fulgerator |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Bolla |
atahuallpai |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Bolla |
cupreiceps |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Bungalotis |
astylos |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Celaenorrhinus |
monartus |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Camptopleura |
theramenes |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Carrhenes |
bamba |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Cycloglypha |
thrasibulus |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Cycloglypha |
tisias |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Cyclosemia |
herennius |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Ebrietas |
anacreon |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Gorgythion |
alcandra |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Grais |
stigmaticus |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Helias |
phalaenoides |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Heliopetes |
petrus |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Hyalothyrus |
infernalis |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Hyalothyrus |
leucomelas |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Milanion |
leucaspis |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Milanion |
hemes |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Mylon |
maimon |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Pellicia |
vecina |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Polyctor |
tensa |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Polythrix |
auginus |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Polythrix |
octomaculata |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Porphyrogenes |
vulpecula |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Pyrgus |
oileus |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Pythonides |
jovianus |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Sostrata |
festiva |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Telemiades |
avitus |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Telemiades |
delalanda |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Urbanus |
doryssus |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Urbanus |
simplicius |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrginae |
Urbanus |
virescens |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrrhopyginae |
Croniades |
pieria |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrrhopyginae |
Jemadia |
hewitsonii |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrrhopyginae |
Jemadia |
hospita |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrrhopyginae |
Jemadia |
sosia |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrrhopyginae |
Parelbella |
ahira |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrrhopyginae |
Pyrrhopyge |
phidias |
|
Hesperiidae |
Pyrrhopyginae |
Pyrrhopyge |
proculus |
|
Lycaenidae |
Polyommatinae |
Hemiargus |
hanno |
|
Lycaenidae |
Polyommatinae |
Leptotes |
cassius |
|
Lycaenidae |
Theclinae |
Arawacus |
separata |
|
Lycaenidae |
Theclinae |
Arcas |
imperialis |
|
Lycaenidae |
Theclinae |
Calycopis |
nr caulonia |
|
Lycaenidae |
Theclinae |
Celmia |
celmus |
|
Lycaenidae |
Theclinae |
Chalybis |
hassan |
|
Lycaenidae |
Theclinae |
Electrostrymon |
mathewi |
|
Lycaenidae |
Theclinae |
Iaspis |
castitas |
|
Lycaenidae |
Theclinae |
Janthecla |
rocena |
|
Lycaenidae |
Theclinae |
Janthecla |
sista |
|
Lycaenidae |
Theclinae |
Michaelus |
ira |
|
Lycaenidae |
Theclinae |
Ministrymon |
zilda |
|
Lycaenidae |
Theclinae |
Mithras |
nautes |
|
Lycaenidae |
Theclinae |
Ocaria |
ocrisia |
|
Lycaenidae |
Theclinae |
Ocaria |
thales |
|
Lycaenidae |
Theclinae |
Olynthus |
essus |
|
Lycaenidae |
Theclinae |
Ostrinotes |
tarena |
|
Lycaenidae |
Theclinae |
Panthiades |
bitias |
|
Lycaenidae |
Theclinae |
Rekoa |
stagira |
|
Lycaenidae |
Theclinae |
Symbiopsis |
sp. nov |
|
Lycaenidae |
Theclinae |
Theclopsis |
lydus |
|
Lycaenidae |
Theclinae |
Theritas |
hemon |
|
Lycaenidae |
Theclinae |
Thestius |
pholeus |
|
Lycaenidae |
Theclinae |
Tmolus |
echion |
|
Nymphalidae |
Apaturinae |
Doxocopa |
agathina |
|
Nymphalidae |
Apaturinae |
Doxocopa |
lavinia |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Callicore |
astarte |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Callicore |
cynosura |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Callicore |
hystaspes |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Callicore |
texa |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Catonephele |
acontius |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Catonephele |
numilia |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Diaethria |
candrena |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Diaethria |
clymena |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Dynamine |
agacles |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Dynamine |
arene |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Dynamine |
theseus |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Ectima |
iona |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Eunica |
pusilla |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Hamadryas |
amphinome |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Hamadryas |
chloe |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Hamadryas |
februa |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Hamadryas |
feronia |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Hamadryas |
laodamia |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Hamadryas |
velutina |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Marpesia |
berania |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Marpesia |
chiron |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Marpesia |
furcula |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Marpesia |
orsilochus |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Marpesia |
petreus |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Marpesia |
themistocles |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Nessaea |
obrinus |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Nica |
flavilla |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Peria |
lamis |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Pyrrhogyra |
amphiro |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Pyrrhogyra |
crameri |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Temenis |
laothoe |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Temenis |
pulchra |
|
Nymphalidae |
Biblidinae |
Vila |
emilia |
|
Nymphalidae |
Charaxinae |
Agrias |
claudina |
|
Nymphalidae |
Charaxinae |
Archaeoprepona |
demophon |
|
Nymphalidae |
Charaxinae |
Archaeoprepona |
demophoon |
|
Nymphalidae |
Charaxinae |
Consul |
fabius |
|
Nymphalidae |
Charaxinae |
Fountainea |
ryphea |
|
Nymphalidae |
Charaxinae |
Memphis |
moruus |
|
Nymphalidae |
Charaxinae |
Siderone |
galanthis |
|
Nymphalidae |
Danainae |
Lycorea |
halia |
|
Nymphalidae |
Heliconiinae |
Dryas |
iulia |
|
Nymphalidae |
Heliconiinae |
Eueides |
aliphera |
|
Nymphalidae |
Heliconiinae |
Heliconius |
burneyi |
|
Nymphalidae |
Heliconiinae |
Heliconius |
erato |
|
Nymphalidae |
Heliconiinae |
Heliconius |
sara |
|
Nymphalidae |
Heliconiinae |
Heliconius |
wallacei |
|
Nymphalidae |
Heliconiinae |
Philaethria |
dido |
|
Nymphalidae |
Ithomiinae |
Aeria |
elara |
|
Nymphalidae |
Ithomiinae |
Callithomia |
lenea |
|
Nymphalidae |
Limenitidinae |
Adelpha |
basiloides |
|
Nymphalidae |
Limenitidinae |
Adelpha |
boeotia |
|
Nymphalidae |
Limenitidinae |
Adelpha |
cocala |
|
Nymphalidae |
Limenitidinae |
Adelpha |
epione |
|
Nymphalidae |
Limenitidinae |
Adelpha |
erotia |
|
Nymphalidae |
Limenitidinae |
Adelpha |
iphiclus |
|
Nymphalidae |
Limenitidinae |
Adelpha |
mesentina |
|
Nymphalidae |
Limenitidinae |
Adelpha |
messana |
|
Nymphalidae |
Limenitidinae |
Adelpha |
serpa |
|
Nymphalidae |
Limenitidinae |
Adelpha |
thesprotia |
|
Nymphalidae |
Limenitidinae |
Adelpha |
thoasa |
|
Nymphalidae |
Morphinae |
Antirrhea |
philaretes |
|
Nymphalidae |
Morphinae |
Antirrhea |
taygetina |
|
Nymphalidae |
Morphinae |
Bia |
actorion |
|
Nymphalidae |
Morphinae |
Caligo |
brasiliensis |
|
Nymphalidae |
Morphinae |
Caligo |
eurilochus |
|
Nymphalidae |
Morphinae |
Caligo |
idomeneus |
|
Nymphalidae |
Morphinae |
Caligo |
illioneus |
|
Nymphalidae |
Morphinae |
Catoblepia |
berecynthia |
|
Nymphalidae |
Morphinae |
Catoblepia |
soranus |
|
Nymphalidae |
Morphinae |
Eryphanis |
automedon |
|
Nymphalidae |
Morphinae |
Morpho |
achilles |
|
Nymphalidae |
Morphinae |
Morpho |
deidamia |
|
Nymphalidae |
Morphinae |
Morpho |
helenor |
|
Nymphalidae |
Morphinae |
Morpho |
meneleus |
|
Nymphalidae |
Morphinae |
Morpho |
rhetenor |
|
Nymphalidae |
Morphinae |
Opoptera |
aorsa |
|
Nymphalidae |
Morphinae |
Opsiphanes |
cassiae |
|
Nymphalidae |
Morphinae |
Opsiphanes |
invirae |
|
Nymphalidae |
Nymphalinae |
Anartia |
amathea |
|
Nymphalidae |
Nymphalinae |
Baeotus |
beotus |
|
Nymphalidae |
Nymphalinae |
Baeotus |
deucalion |
|
Nymphalidae |
Nymphalinae |
Baeotus |
japetus |
|
Nymphalidae |
Nymphalinae |
Colobura |
annulata |
|
Nymphalidae |
Nymphalinae |
Colobura |
dirce |
|
Nymphalidae |
Nymphalinae |
Eresia |
clio |
|
Nymphalidae |
Nymphalinae |
Historis |
odius |
|
Nymphalidae |
Nymphalinae |
Hypanartia |
lethe |
|
Nymphalidae |
Nymphalinae |
Ortilia |
gentina |
|
Nymphalidae |
Nymphalinae |
Siproeta |
stelenes |
|
Nymphalidae |
Nymphalinae |
Tegosa |
claudina |
|
Nymphalidae |
Nymphalinae |
Telenassa |
teletusa |
|
Nymphalidae |
Nymphalinae |
Tigridia |
acesta |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Amphidecta |
calliomma |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Caeruleuptychia |
brixius |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Caeruleuptychia |
coelestis |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Chloreuptychia |
agatha |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Chloreuptychia |
arnaca |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Chloreuptychia |
herseis |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Cissia |
myncea |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Cissia |
penelope |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Cissia |
terrestris |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Cissia |
pompilia |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Euptychia |
mollina |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Euptychia |
westwoodi |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Haetera |
piera |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Harjesia |
griseola |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Hermeuptychia |
hermes |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Magneuptychia |
iris |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Magneuptychia |
mimas |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Magneuptychia |
ocypete |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Pareuptychia |
ocirrhoe |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Pierella |
hyalinus |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Pierella |
lamia |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Pierella |
lena |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Posttaygetis |
penelea |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Pseudodebis |
valentina |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Taygetis |
angulosa |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Taygetis |
cleopatra |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Taygetis |
laches |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Taygetis |
mermeria |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Taygetis |
rufomarginata |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Taygetis |
ypthima |
|
Nymphalidae |
Satyrinae |
Taygetomorpha |
celia |
|
Papilionidae |
Papilioninae |
Battus |
crassus |
|
Papilionidae |
Papilioninae |
Battus |
lycidas |
|
Papilionidae |
Papilioninae |
Heraclides |
astyalus |
|
Papilionidae |
Papilioninae |
Heraclides |
torquatus |
|
Papilionidae |
Papilioninae |
Mimoides |
ariarathes |
|
Papilionidae |
Papilioninae |
Mimoides |
euryleon |
|
Papilionidae |
Papilioninae |
Mimoides |
pausanias |
|
Papilionidae |
Papilioninae |
Parides |
sesostris |
|
Papilionidae |
Papilioninae |
Protographium |
agesilaus |
|
Pieridae |
Coliadinae |
Anteos |
menippe |
|
Pieridae |
Coliadinae |
Aphrissa |
statira |
|
Pieridae |
Coliadinae |
Eurema |
albula |
|
Pieridae |
Coliadinae |
Eurema |
elathea |
|
Pieridae |
Coliadinae |
Leucidia |
elvina |
|
Pieridae |
Coliadinae |
Phoebis |
argante |
|
Pieridae |
Coliadinae |
Phoebis |
sennae |
|
Pieridae |
Coliadinae |
Pyrisitia |
venusta |
|
Pieridae |
Coliadinae |
Rhabdodryas |
trite |
|
Pieridae |
Dismorphiinae |
Enantia |
lina |
|
Pieridae |
Dismorphiinae |
Patia |
orise |
|
Pieridae |
Pierinae |
Glutophrissa |
drusilla |
|
Pieridae |
Pierinae |
Melete |
lycimnia |
|
Riodinidae |
Euselasiinae |
Euselasia |
alcmena |
|
Riodinidae |
Euselasiinae |
Euselasia |
angulata |
|
Riodinidae |
Euselasiinae |
Euselasia |
clesa |
|
Riodinidae |
Euselasiinae |
Euselasia |
clithra |
|
Riodinidae |
Euselasiinae |
Euselasia |
euhemerus |
|
Riodinidae |
Euselasiinae |
Euselasia |
euriteus |
|
Riodinidae |
Euselasiinae |
Euselasia |
phedica |
|
Riodinidae |
Euselasiinae |
Euselasia |
toppini |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Alesa |
lipara |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Amarynthis |
meneria |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Ancyluris |
meliboeus |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Anteros |
renaldus |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Argyrogrammana |
sticheli |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Aricoris |
epulus |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Calospila |
emylius |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Caria |
castalia |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Caria |
mantinea |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Caria |
trochilus |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Chalodetta |
theodora |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Detritivora |
cleonus |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Detritivora |
gynaea |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Echenais |
thelephus |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Echydna |
punctata |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Emesis |
eurydice |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Emesis |
fastidiosa |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Emesis |
lucinda |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Emesis |
mandana |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Emesis |
ocypore |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Emesis |
temesa |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Eurybia |
franciscana |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Eurybia |
molochina |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Eurybia |
nicaeus |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Lasaia |
agesilas |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Lasaia |
arsis |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Lemonias |
zygia |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Mesene |
epaphus |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Mesene |
phareus |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Mesosemia |
menoetes |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Mesosemia |
minos |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Mesosemia |
nyctea |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Monethe |
albertus |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Notheme |
erota |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Nymphidium |
caricae |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Nymphidium |
leucosia |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Nymphidium |
olinda |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Parcella |
amarynthina |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Protonymphidia |
senta |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Rhetus |
periander |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Riodina |
lysippus |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Sarota |
gyas |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Semomesia |
capanea |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Semomesia |
marisa |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Stalachtis |
calliope |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Synargis |
galena |
|
Riodinidae |
Riodininae |
Synargis |
orestessa |