Introduction
The Pyrginae, popularly known as Flats or Spreadwings, are a cosmopolitan subfamily distributed across temperate and tropical habitats throughout the world. In the Americas there are 990 species, of which about 580 are assigned to the tribe Pyrgini.
The genus Carrhenes comprises of 13 known species which are variously distributed from Mexico to Bolivia. They vary greatly in appearance – bamba is marbled in contrasting white and earthy brown tones, but others such as fuscescens, callipetes and santes are more unicolorous.
Carrhenes leada is distributed from Venezuela to Peru.
Habitats
This species is found in disturbed areas of rainforest, including small clearings, riverbanks, rocky streams, roadsides and other forest edge habitats. It occurs at altitudes between about 200-800m.
Lifecycle
Unknown, but Pyrgine butterflies typically lay their eggs singly on either the upperside or underside of leaves. The larvae are usually dull green or brownish, with thin longitudinal lines along the back and sides, and with dark shiny heads. Most feed on low growing herbaceous plants, but some feed on the leaves of bushes or trees. The pupae are usually dark and smooth, with the wing cases in a contrasting tone or colour. They are formed within silken tents formed by spinning together the leaves of the foodplant.
Adult behaviour
Males are often seen basking on rocks or low foliage in early morning or late afternoon.